On 15 March 2025, British Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer convened a virtual meeting with leaders from over 30 countries, forming a “coalition of the willing” to bolster support for Ukraine amid ongoing tensions with Russia. This coalition aims to enhance military assistance to Ukraine, escalate economic pressure on Russia, and prepare for potential peacekeeping missions.
Composition and Objectives of the Coalition
The coalition comprises nations committed to upholding Ukraine’s sovereignty and exploring alternative strategies to resolve the conflict. Key members include the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Canada, Norway, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Romania, and the Czech Republic. Representatives from Turkey, the European Union, and NATO also participated in the discussions.
During the meeting, leaders agreed to transition into the “operational phase” of planning a multinational force to ensure a ceasefire in Ukraine. This involves military planners convening in London to deliberate on securing the truce. The coalition is prepared to intensify sanctions and seize Russian assets to pressure President Putin into compliance.
Peacekeeping Initiatives and US Involvement
A significant topic of discussion was the deployment of coalition troops as peacekeepers, contingent upon a ceasefire agreement. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has advocated for security guarantees, including the presence of foreign troops in Ukraine, supported by the United States. Prime Minister Starmer emphasised the necessity of a US security “backstop” to deter further Russian aggression, asserting that such a guarantee is vital for lasting peace. It is not entirely clear what he means by a "backstop", but presumably the idea is that if European peacekeeping troops or civilian monitors are attacked then American troops will come to their defence.
Upcoming Military Deliberations in London
European military leaders are scheduled to convene in London on Thursday 20 March 2025 to outline the specifics of potential peacekeeping operations. The agenda includes defining the conditions under which troops might be deployed to Ukraine, establishing rules of engagement, and determining command and control structures. Given the United States' reluctance to assume a primary military role, European nations are poised to take the lead in these initiatives.
Strategic Implications for Russia
The coalition’s unified stance, coupled with the prospect of increased sanctions and a robust military presence, is designed to compel Russia to engage earnestly in ceasefire negotiations. The coordinated military efforts of European nations, alongside US economic and sanctions measures, aim to alter Russia’s strategic calculations and expedite the cessation of hostilities.
Starmer’s Role as a Transatlantic Mediator
Despite the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union and her current government's ideological differences with US President Donald Trump, Prime Minister Starmer has emerged as a pivotal figure in transatlantic relations. His ability to foster collaboration between the United States and European allies may stem from his pragmatic approach and commitment to collective security, enabling him to bridge political divides effectively.
In summary, the formation of the “coalition of the willing” signifies a concerted international effort to support Ukraine through military aid, economic sanctions, and potential peacekeeping missions. The coalition’s success hinges on cohesive coordination among member states and the strategic involvement of the United States to ensure a durable resolution to the conflict.